ANTERIOR LUNG SOUNDS MANUAL

This 4-item measure, which is based on the PTSD diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition), 23 has excellent psychometric properties. 21 VA uses the Primary Care PTSD Screen (PC-PTSD) 22 for screening. In the VA system and in other settings, PTSD screening is conducted in primary care clinics 19, 20 because individuals with mental health symptoms are more likely to initially seek medical care. 17, 18 In the VA system, all veterans enrolled in care are screened for PTSD annually for the first 5 years after military separation and every 5 years thereafter. To ensure identification of and appropriate services for individuals with PTSD, many health care systems, including VA, have instituted screening programs. 14 Among veterans who receive health care from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), the prevalence is 11.5% for men and 18.9% for women. 11 - 13 The lifetime prevalence of PTSD in the US is 6.1%. PTSD is associated with mental and physical health comorbidities, 1 - 10 impaired functioning, and reduced quality of life. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental health disorder that can develop following exposure to catastrophic life events, such as combat, sexual assault, and natural disasters. Because performance parameters will change according to sample, clinicians should consider sample characteristics and screening purposes when selecting a cut point. Participants rated the PC-PTSD-5 as highly acceptable.Ĭonclusions and Relevance The PC-PTSD-5 is an accurate and acceptable screening tool for use in VA primary care settings. A cut point of 3 fit better for women, despite increasing the number of false positives. However, for women, this cut point resulted in high numbers of false negatives (6 veterans ). A cut point of 4 ideally balanced false negatives and false positives for the overall sample and for men. Participants were demographically similar to the VA primary care population (mean age, 61.4 years age range, 21-93 years) and were predominantly male (333 participants ) and White (296 of 394 participants ). Results In total, 495 of 1594 veterans (31%) participated, and 396 completed all measures and were included in the analyses. Main Outcomes and Measures The range of PC-PTSD-5 cut points overall and across gender was assessed, and diagnostic performance was evaluated by calculating weighted κ values. In session 2, a research assistant administered the PC-PTSD-5 to participants, and then a clinician assessor blind to PC-PTSD-5 results conducted a structured diagnostic interview for PTSD. Data analysis was performed from March 2019 to August 2020.Įxposures In session 1, participants completed a battery of questionnaires. A consecutive sample of 1594 veterans, aged 18 years or older, who were scheduled for a primary care visit was recruited.

Session 1 was conducted in person, and session 2 was completed within 30 days via telephone. Participants were recruited from primary care clinics across 2 VA Medical Centers. Objective To determine whether the Primary Care PTSD screen for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (PC-PTSD-5) is a diagnostically accurate and acceptable measure for use in Veterans Affairs (VA) primary care clinics.ĭesign, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional, diagnostic accuracy study enrolled participants from May 19, 2017, to September 26, 2018.

PTSD screening is essential for identifying undetected cases and providing patients with appropriate care. Importance Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental health disorder that can be effectively treated with empirically based practices. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.

Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.

Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.

Anterior lung sounds